Analysis of the Relevance of Hudud Punishment in the Context of Law Enforcement in Indonesia

Abstract
This research explores the relevance and implications of implementing Hudud punishment within the framework of Indonesia’s legal system. Hudud, as prescribed in Islamic law, refers to fixed punishments for specific crimes such as theft, adultery, and apostasy, derived from the Quran and Hadith. While Hudud holds strong theological foundations and historical precedence in various Islamic countries, its application in Indonesia a nation characterized by religious pluralism, constitutional democracy, and adherence to international human rights norms presents a complex legal and sociopolitical challenge. Through normative legal research methods and qualitative analysis, this study examines the compatibility of Hudud with Indonesia’s constitutional principles, national criminal law, and the broader societal context. The study also analyzes the partial implementation of Sharia in Aceh province as a case study, alongside public opinion and academic debates surrounding the issue. Findings reveal significant constitutional, procedural, and human rights concerns that limit the viability of Hudud punishments at the national level. While religious sentiments may support its moral intent, the legal, social, and political landscape of Indonesia suggests that Hudud punishment is not practically or ethically aligned with the nation's current legal and democratic framework. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on Islamic law, legal reform, and religious pluralism in Indonesia, highlighting the need for balanced, inclusive approaches to lawmaking that respect both religious values and constitutional commitments.